大学英语语法 之 过去将来时和过去将来完成时的被动语态的讲解与练习
一、过去将来时被动语态
1.句子结构：
①would 动词原形 ②was/were going to 动词原形
2.用法：
表示从过去看在将来某个时候以前发生的被动动作，过去将来时常用于描述过去某时间里你对于未来的想法。猜想正确与否并无多大关系。
e.g.I knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM.
I thought a beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally.
注：这种时态常用于宾语从句中，且宾语从句前面的主句谓语动词通常是过去时态，如一般过去时或过去完成时。
e.g.I knew that a house would be bought by my sister.
I believed that a letter was going to be written to Tom by Jack.
二、过去将来完成时的被动语态
1.句子构成：would have been done
2.用法
过去将来完成时的被动语态是用的相对较少的一种语态，它表示从过去观点看将来某时某刻某个动作已经被完成的一种状态。通常主要用于转述方面，即用于间接引语中。
e.g.He told me he would have finished it by the end of the next month.
三、过去将来时的被动语态和过去将来完成时的被动语态的区别
1.过去将来完成时的被动语态和过去将来时的被动语态在时间上是一致的，都表示过去某段时间看将来的要被做的事情，过去将来完成时更强调的是“完成”，某件事在过去的时间看将来的事情已经完成了。
e.g.I thought some bad things would have been told to our teacher by Tom.
He knew by the time he arrived everything would have been prepared for him.
2.过去将来时的被动语态单单指的是过去的时间看将来的被做的事情。
e.g.Whenever we had trouble, we would have been helped by him.
He told his mother his homework would have been finished by ten o'clock.
跟踪练习
过去将来时的被动语态
1.She said that his homework______soon. (finish)
2.Tom said his work______the next day.(do)
3.David said he______if he finished his homework.(not blame)
4.Mary said the project______by the time we reached there.(finish)
5.Tony said that some new factories______soon in our city.(build)
6.He thought that your watch______after an hour.(mend)
7.He said that something______to finish the task next week.(need)
8.It was said that they______by lottery next Monday.(select)
答案：would be finished, would be done, wouldn't be blamed, would be finished, would be built,
was going to be mended, would be needed, would be selected
过去将来完成时的被动语态
1.I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software______, but I was wrong.(develop)
2.He said that the garden shed______by nine o’clock.(clean)
3.He said his work______by him the next day.(finish)
4.John said the letter______by supper.(write)
5.He said the rice______if he had been more careful.(not burn)
6.He promised the work______before I came back. (finish)
7.He told us the proposal______by then.(approve)
8.I thought the little cat______before 5 o’clock.(feed)
答案：would have been developed, would have been cleaned, would have been finished,
would have been written, would not have been burned，would have been finished,
would have been approved，would have been fed
